Mikronährstofftherapie
Immundefekt – Infektanfälligkeit (Immundefizienz)

Im Rahmen der Mikronährstoffmedizin werden zur Prävention (Vorbeugung) und zur unterstützenden Therapie folgende Mikronährstoffe (Vitalstoffe) eingesetzt:

  • Vitamine A [1], C [2, 20], D [4, 21], E [3, 20, 22], K [23], B6 [5], B12 [6], Biotin [7], Folsäure [24]
  • Carotinoide – Beta-Carotin [13, 20, 31], Lycopin [14, 32]
  • Spurenelemente Eisen [8, 25], Kupfer [9, 26], Mangan [10], Selen [11, 27, 31], Zink [28]
  • Omega-3-FettsäurenDocosahexaensäure, Eicosapentaensäure [29, 30]
  • Sekundäre Pflanzenstoffe – Polyphenole [15]
  • Probiotika – Bifidobacterium animalis [33], Bifidobacterium bifidum [16, 34], Bifidobacterium infantis [19, 39], Bifidobacterium lactis [40, 41], Bifidobacterium longum [40, 41], Lactobacillus acidophilus [16, 18, 19, 33, 34], Lactobacillus casei [17, 18, 35], Lactobacillus lactis [18, 38], Lactobacillus plantarum [18, 36], Lactobacillus rhamnosus [18, 37], Lactobacillus salivarius [39]

Die obigen Mikronährstoffempfehlungen wurden mit Hilfe des EUSANA Expertensystems für Präventionsmedizin (Prävention und Therapie) erstellt. Sämtliche Aussagen des EUSANA Expertensystems sind durch Literatur mit hohen Evidenzgraden belegt.
Für eine Therapieempfehlung wurden nur klinische Studien mit den höchsten Evidenzgraden (Grad 1a/1b und 2a/2b) verwendet, die auf Grund ihrer hohen Aussagekraft die Therapieempfehlung belegen.

Hinweis!
Diese Daten werden in gewissen Zeitabständen aktualisiert. 
Das EUSANA Expertensystem ist stets auf dem aktuellen Stand der Vitalstoff-Forschung. Lassen Sie sich deshalb Ihre persönliche Vitalstoff-Analyse* mit Hilfe des EUSANA Expertensystems bei Ihrem Arzt erstellen.

*Zu den Vitalstoffen gehören unter anderem Vitamine, Mineralstoffe, Spurenelemente, lebensnotwendige Aminosäuren, lebensnotwendige Fettsäuren etc.

 

Vitalstoff-Analyse für den Mann
Vitalstoff-Analyse für die Frau

 Männergesundheit – Vitalstoff-Analyse
Frauengesundheit – Vitalstoff-Analyse


Literatur

  1. Ahmad SM, Haskell MJ, Raqib R, Stephensen CB (2009).
    Markers of innate immune function are associated with vitamin a stores in men.
    J Nutr 139 (2): 377-385.
  2. Sasazuki S, Sasaki S, Tsubono Y, Okubo S, Hayashi M, Tsugane S (2006).
    Effect of vitamin C on common cold: randomized controlled trial.
    Eur J Clin Nutr 60 (1): 9-17.
  3. Meydani SN, Leka LS, Fine BC, Dallal GE, Keusch GT, Singh MF, Hamer DH (2004).
    Vitamin E and respiratory tract infections in elderly nursing home residents: a randomized controlled trial.
    JAMA 292 (7): 828-836.
  4. Ginde AA, Mansbach JM, Camargo CA Jr (2009).
    Association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and upper respiratory tract infection in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
    Arch Intern Med 169 (4): 384-390.,
  5. Kwak HK, Hansen CM, Leklem JE, Hardin K, Shultz TD (2002).
    Improved vitamin B-6 status is positively related to lymphocyte proliferation in young women consuming a controlled diet.
    J Nutr 132 (11): 3308-3313.
  6. Erkurt MA, Aydogdu I, Dikilitaş M, Kuku I, Kaya E, Bayraktar N, Ozhan O, Ozkan I, Sonmez A (2008).
    Effects of cyanocobalamin on immunity in patients with pernicious anemia.
    Med Princ Pract 17 (2): 131-135.
  7. Wiedmann S, Eudy JD, Zempleni J (2003).
    Biotin supplementation increases expression of genes encoding interferon-gamma, interleukin-1beta, and 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase, and decreases expression of the gene encoding interleukin-4 in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
    J Nutr 133 (3): 716-719.
  8. Bagherpour B, Gharagozloo M, Moayedi B (2009).
    The influence of iron loading and iron chelation on the proliferation and telomerase activity of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
    Iran J Immunol 6 (1): 33-39.
  9. Turnlund JR, Jacob RA, Keen CL, Strain JJ, Kelley DS, Domek JM, Keyes WR, Ensunsa JL, Lykkesfeldt J, Coulter J (2004).
    Long-term high copper intake: effects on indexes of copper status, antioxidant status, and immune function in young men.
    Am J Clin Nutr 79 (6): 1037-1044.
  10. Crittenden PL, Filipov NM (2008).
    Manganese-induced potentiation of in vitro proinflammatory cytokine production by activated microglial cells is associated with persistent activation of p38 MAPK.
    Toxicol In Vitro 22 (1): 18-27.
  11. Pagmantidis V, Méplan C, van Schothorst EM, Keijer J, Hesketh JE (2008).
    Supplementation of healthy volunteers with nutritionally relevant amounts of selenium increases the expression of lymphocyte protein biosynthesis genes.
    Am J Clin Nutr 87 (1): 181-189.
  12. Cabreiro F, Perichon M, Jatje J, Malavolta M, Mocchegiani E, Friguet B, Petropoulos I (2008).
    Zinc supplementation in the elderly subjects: effect on oxidized protein degradation and repair systems in peripheral blood lymphocytes.
    Exp Gerontol 43 (5): 483-487.
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    The effect of beta-carotene supplementation on the immune function of blood monocytes from healthy male nonsmokers.
    J Lab Clin Med 129 (3): 309.317.
  14. Basu A, Imrhan V (2007).
    Tomatoes versus lycopene in oxidative stress and carcinogenesis: conclusions from clinical trials.
    Eur J Clin Nutr 61 (3): 295-303.
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    Fruit juice consumption modulates antioxidative status, immune status and DNA damage.
    J Nutr Biochem 14 (2): 90-98.
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    Immune modulation of blood leukocytes in humans by lactic acid bacteria: criteria for strain selection.
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    Gut mucosal immunostimulation by lactic acid bacteria.
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  19. Vivatvakin B, Kowitdamrong E (2006).
    Randomized control trial of live Lactobacillus acidophilus plus Bifidobacterium infantis in treatment of infantile acute watery diarrhea.
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  20. Helmersson J, Arnlöv J, Larsson A, Basu S (2009).
    Low dietary intake of beta-carotene, alpha-tocopherol and ascorbic acid is associated with increased inflammatory and oxidative stress status in a Swedish cohort.
    Br J Nutr 101 (12): 1775-1782.
  21. Schleithoff SS, Zittermann A, Tenderich G, Berthold HK, Stehle P, Koerfer R (2006).
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  22. De la Fuente M, Hernanz A, Guayerbas N, Victor VM, Arnalich F (2008).
    Vitamin E ingestion improves several immune functions in elderly men and women.
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  23. Shea MK, Booth SL, Massaro JM, Jacques PF, D'Agostino RB Sr, Dawson-Hughes B, Ordovas JM, O'Donnell CJ, Kathiresan S, Keaney JF Jr, Vasan RS, Benjamin EJ (2008).
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  26. Turnlund JR, Jacob RA, Keen CL, Strain JJ, Kelley DS, Domek JM, Keyes WR, Ensunsa JL, Lykkesfeldt J, Coulter J (2004).
    Long-term high copper intake: effects on indexes of copper status, antioxidant status, and immune function in young men.
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  27. Helmersson J, Arnlöv J, Vessby B, Larsson A, Alfthan G, Basu S (2005).
    Serum selenium predicts levels of F2-isoprostanes and prostaglandin F2alpha in a 27 year follow-up study of Swedish men.
    Free Radic Res 39 (7): 763-770.
  28. Varin A, Larbi A, Dedoussis GV, Kanoni S, Jajte J, Rink L, Monti D, Malavolta M, Marcellini F, Mocchegiani E, Herbein G, Fulop T Jr (2008).
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  29. Bouwens M, van de Rest O, Dellschaft N, Bromhaar MG, de Groot LC, Geleijnse JM, Müller M, Afman LA (2009).
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  30. Ferrucci L, Cherubini A, Bandinelli S, Bartali B, Corsi A, Lauretani F, Martin A, Andres-Lacueva C, Senin U, Guralnik JM (2006).
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  31. Wood SM, Beckham1 C, Yosioka2 A, Darban3 H, Watson RR (2000).
    beta-Carotene and selenium supplementation enhances immune response in aged humans.
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  32. Riso P, Visioli F, Grande S, Guarnieri S, Gardana C, Simonetti P, Porrini M (2006).
    Effect of a tomato-based drink on markers of inflammation, immunomodulation, and oxidative stress.
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  33. Klein A, Friedrich U, Vogelsang H, Jahreis G (2008).
    Lactobacillus acidophilus 74-2 and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis DGCC 420 modulate unspecific cellular immune response in healthy adults.
    Eur J Clin Nutr 62 (5): 584-593.
  34. De Simone C, Ciardi A, Grassi A, Lambert Gardini S, Tzantzoglou S, Trinchieri V, Moretti S, Jirillo E (1992).
    Effect of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Lactobacillus acidophilus on gut mucosa and peripheral blood B lymphocytes.
    Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 14 (1-2): 331-340.
  35. Ortiz-Andrellucchi A, Sánchez-Villegas A, Rodríguez-Gallego C, Lemes A, Molero T, Soria A, Peña-Quintana L, Santana M, Ramírez O, García J, Cabrera F, Cobo J, Serra-Majem L (2008).
    Immunomodulatory effects of the intake of fermented milk with Lactobacillus casei DN114001 in lactating mothers and their children.
    Br J Nutr 100 (4): 834-845.
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    Differential NF-kappaB pathways induction by Lactobacillus plantarum in the duodenum of healthy humans correlating with immune tolerance.
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  37. Schultz M, Linde HJ, Lehn N, Zimmermann K, Grossmann J, Falk W, Schölmerich J (2003).
    Immunomodulatory consequences of oral administration of Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain GG in healthy volunteers.
    J Dairy Res 70 (2): 165-173.
  38. Fang H, Elina T, Heikki A, Seppo S (2000).
    Modulation of humoral immune response through probiotic intake.
    FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 29 (1): 47-52.
  39. O'Mahony L, McCarthy J, Kelly P, Hurley G, Luo F, Chen K, O'Sullivan GC, Kiely B, Collins JK, Shanahan F, Quigley EM (2005).
    Lactobacillus and bifidobacterium in irritable bowel syndrome: symptom responses and relationship to cytokine profiles.
    Gastroenterology 128 (3): 541-551.
  40. Ouwehand AC, Bergsma N, Parhiala R, Lahtinen S, Gueimonde M, Finne-Soveri H, Strandberg T, Pitkälä K, Salminen S (2008).
    Bifidobacterium microbiota and parameters of immune function in elderly subjects.
    FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 53 (1): 18-25.
  41. Gill HS, Rutherfurd KJ, Cross ML, Gopal PK (2001).
    Enhancement of immunity in the elderly by dietary supplementation with the probiotic Bifidobacterium lactis HN019.
    Am J Clin Nutr 74 (6): 833-839.

     
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